Leuko-Expert: AI-supported diagnostics for leukodystrophies
Project Period: 10/2020 – 02/2024
Funding Agency: Federal Ministry of Health
Project Description:
Rare diseases (RD) are often difficult to diagnose due to their low prevalence and complex symptoms. Millions of people in Germany and Europe are affected. Delayed or incorrect diagnoses can significantly impair quality of life and delay access to appropriate therapies. One example of such a disease is leukodystrophy, a group of genetically determined metabolic disorders.
Leuko-Expert aims to develop an AI-supported expert system that assists physicians in the early detection of leukodystrophies. The system is based on a model created using modern data science methods, in particular machine learning.
A proof of concept will be used to verify whether the developed model can reliably support diagnoses. The hypothesis is that an integrative AI model can derive patterns from multimodal data that facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnoses. Decentralized analysis via the Personal Health Train infrastructure ensures data protection. It is intended that the expert system will eventually be used across clinics to refer patients to specialist centers more quickly and increase diagnostic certainty. There is also potential to transfer the methodology to other rare diseases.
Team members:
Project Partners:
- Universität Leipzig
- Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
- Universitätsklinikum Aachen
- Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen
- Technische Universität Dresden
- Institut für Digitale Technologien gGmbH
Results:
A registry has been established at the Aachen, Leipzig, and Tübingen project sites to systematically collect clinical data, genetic findings, and MRI images from patients with leukodystrophies. More than 900 data sets have been entered into the registry to date. Analysis is performed decentral via the Personal Health Train infrastructure, ensuring data protection and efficiency.
Based on this data, AI models were developed that achieve a high accuracy, particularly for symptom data and genetic findings. Due to high heterogeneity, there is still potential for optimization in the MRI data. Initial application experience has shown that treating physicians can obtain diagnoses more quickly and experts can be involved in treatment across locations. In addition, the system opens up the possibility of transferring the developed methods to other rare diseases.
Another result of the project is the Leuko-Expert-Advisor, a digital application that refers patients to centers of expertise for leukodystrophy so that patients with suspected leukodystrophy can be treated more quickly. The Leuko-Expert-Advisor was tested in a real-world environment from August 2024 to July 2025 in a follow-up project called PILEA.